Literaturverzeichnis

1. Allgemeine Begriffs- und Inhaltsbestimmung

Burbank, SB 'What do we mean by "judicial independence"?' (64) 1 Ohio State Law Journal 323-339 
Denham, S ‘The Diamond in a Democracy’ (July 2000) 
Eichenberger, K Die richterliche Unabhängigkeit als staatsrechtliches Problem (Stämpfli Bern 1960)
Flatto, DC 'The Historical Origins of Judicial Independence and Their Modern Resonances' (117) 8 Yale Law Journal Pocket Part 

2. Völkerrecht/Internationale Gerichtsbarkeit

a. Allgemein

   
Brown, C A common law of international adjudication (1. publ. Oxford Univ. Press Oxford 2007)
Brown, C ‘The Evolution and Application of Rules Concerning Independence of the International Judiciary’ (2003) 2 The Law & Practice of International Courts and Tribunals 63–96
Brown, C 'The inherent powers of international courts and tribunals' (76) The British yearbook of international law 195-244
Caflisch, L ‘Independence and impartiality of judges’ (2003) 2(1) The Law & Practice of International Courts and Tribunals 169-173
Calliess, G-P 'Judicial Independence and Impartiality in International Courts' (23) Conferences on New Political Economy 143-153
Doehring, K ‘Zur Rechtsstellung internationaler Richter’ in H-W Arndt (ed) Völkerrecht und deutsches Recht (Beck München 2001)
Franck, TM Fairness in international law and institutions (Clarendon Press Oxford 1995)
Guillaume, G ‘Some Thoughts on the Independence of International Judges Vis-à-Vis States’ (2003) 2(1) The Law & Practice of International Courts and Tribunals 163-168
Helfer, LR and Slaughter, A-M 'Why States Create International Tribunals - a Response to Professors Posner and Yoo' (93) 3 California Law Review 899-956
Kirby, M ‘A global approach to judicial independence and integrity’ (2001) 21(2) The University of Queensland Law Journal 147-159
Koster, M Immunität internationaler Richter - gemessen an derjenigen der Diplomaten und der internationalen Funktionäre (1. Aufl. Verl. Recht und Wirtschaft Heidelberg 2002)
Larkins, CM ‘Judicial independence and Democratization’ (1996) 44(4) The American Journal of Comparative Law 605–626
Lauterpacht, E Aspects of the administration of international justice (Grotius Publications Cambridge 1991)
Mackenzie, R and Sands, P ‘International courts and tribunals and the independence of the international judge’ (2003) 44(1) Harvard International Law Journal 271-285
Mackenzie, R and Sands, P 'Judicial Selection for International Courts: Towards common Principles and Practices' in K Malleson (ed) Appointing judges in an age of judicial power - Critical perspectives from around the world (Univ. of Toronto Press Toronto 2006) 213-237
Mahoney, P 'The International Judiciary – Independence and Accountability' (7) The Law and Practice of International Courts and Tribunals 313-349
McWhinney, E 'Law, Politics and "Regionalism" in the Nomination and Election of World Court Judges' (13) 1 Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce 1-28
Miller, N ‘Independence in the International Judiciary: General overview of the issues: Background Paper for the Meeting of the Study Group of the International Law Association, 2 February 2002’ (22 August 2008) 
Olbourne, B ‘Independence and Impartiality: International Standards for National Judges and Courts’ (2003) 2(1) The Law & Practice of International Courts and Tribunals 97-126
Pasquino, P ‘Prolegomena to a Theory of Judicial Power: The Concept of Judicial Independence in Theory and History’ (2003) 2(1) The Law & Practice of International Courts and Tribunals 11-26
Pellet, A 'The Anatomy of Courts and Tribunals' (7) The Law and Practice of International Courts and Tribunals 275-287
Pettiti, LE 'Independence of international judges' in S Shetreet (ed) Judicial independence: The contemporary debate (Nijhoff 1985) 496-500
Posner, EA and Yoo, JC 'Judicial Independence in International Tribunals' (93) 1 California Law Review 1-74
Préfontaine, DC and Lee, J ‘The Rule of Law and the Independence of the Judiciary (International Centre for Criminal Law Reform and Criminal Justice Policy, paper prepared for the World Conference on the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Montreal, December 1998) 
Russell, PH 'Toward a General Theory of Judicial Independence' in PH Russell and DM O'Brien (eds) Judicial Independence in the Age of Democracy - Critical Perspectives from around the World (1. publ. University Press of Virginia Charlottesville, Va. 2001) VIII, 325
Shany, Y 'Squaring the Circle? Independence and Impartiality of Party-Appointed Adjudicators in International Legal Proceedings' (30) 3 Loyola of Los Angeles International and Comparative Law Review 473-490
Shelton, D 'Form, Function, and the Powers of International Courts' (9) Chicago Journal of International Law 537-571
Shelton, D ‘The independence of international tribunals’ in A Trindade (ed) The modern world of human rights (Instituto Interamericano de Derechos Humanos San José 1996) 299-334
Shelton, D ‘Legal Norms to Promote the Independence and Accountability of International Tribunals’ (2003) 2(1) The Law & Practice of International Courts and Tribunals 27-62
Shetreet, S ‘Standards of Conduct of International Judges: Outside Activities’(2003) 2(1) The Law & Practice of International Courts and Tribunals 127-162
Terris, D, Romano, CPR and Swigart, L  The International Judge - An introduction to the men and women who decide the world's cases (1. publ. Oxford Univ. Press Oxford 2007)
Tomuschat, C ‘National Representations of Judges and Legitimacy of International Jurisdictions: Lessons from ICJ to ECJ?’ in I Pernice, J Kokott and C Saunders (eds) The Future of the European Judicial System in a Comparative Perspective (Nomos Baden-Baden 2006)
Umbach, D ‘The independence of the judiciary and the rule of law’ in E Cotran (ed) The role of the judiciary in the protection of human rights (Kluwer Law International London 1997) 241–256
Vagts, DF 'The international legal profession: A need for more governance?' (90) 2 The American journal of international law 250-261
   

b. Internationaler Gerichtshof (einschl. PCIJ)

   
Abi-Saab, G 'Ensuring the Best Bench: Ways of Selecting Judges' in C Peck and R Lee (eds) Increasing the Effectiveness of the International Court of Justice (Martinus Nijhoff Publishers The Hague 1997) 166-187
Amerasinghe, CF 'Judges of the International Court of Justice - Election and Qualifications' (14) 2 Leiden Journal of International Law 335-348
Guillaume, G 'De l'indépendance des membres de la cour internationale de justice' in Boutros Boutros-Ghali amicorum discipulorumque liber - paix, développement, démocratie (Bruylant Bruxelles 1998) 3 475-487
Karg, M IGH vs. ISGH - Die Beziehung zwischen zwei völkerrechtlichen Streitbeilegungsorganen (1. Aufl. Nomos-Verl.-Ges. Baden-Baden 2005)
Lachs, M 'A Few Thoughts on the Independence of Judges of the International Court of Justice: A Comment' (25) 3 Columbia Journal of Transnational Law 593-600
Morley, JD 'Relative Incompatibility of Functions in the International Court' (19) 2 The International and Comparative Law Quarterly 316-327
Prott, LV Der Internationale Richter im Spannungsfeld der Rechtskulturen: Eine rechtssoziologische Studie über die Elemente des Selbstverständnisses des Internationalen Gerichtshofs (Duncker + Humblot Berlin 1975)
Schwebel, SM 'National judges and judges ad hoc of the International Court of Justice' (48) 4 The international and comparative law quarterly 889-900
Tomuschat, C 'National Representation of Judges and Legitimacy of International Jurisdictions: Lessons from ICJ to ECJ' in I Pernice, Kokott, Juliane, Saunders, Cheryl (ed) The Future of the European Judicial System in a Comparative Perspective (Nomos 2006) 183-190

c. Internationale Menschenrechtsgerichtsbarkeit

   
Caflisch, L 'Independence and impartiality of judges the European Court of Human Rights' (2) 1 The law & practice of international courts and tribunals 169-173
Coomber, A ‘Judicial independence. Law and practice of Appointments to the European Court of Human Rights’ (2003) 5 European Human Rights Law Review 486-500
Limbach, J and others Judicial Independence: Law and Practice of Appointments of the European Court of Human Rights (Interights London 2003) 

d. Internationale Strafgerichtsbarkeit

   
de Bertodano, S ‘Judicial independence in the International Criminal Court’ (2002) 15(2) Leiden Journal of International Law 409-430
Meron, T ‘Judicial independence and impartiality in international criminal tribunals’ (2005) 99(2) The American Journal of International Law 359-369
Mose, E 'The ICTRs Completion Strategy - Challenges and Possible Solutions' (6) 4 Journal of International Criminal Justice 667-679
Mundis, DA 'The election of ad litem judges and other recent developments at the International Criminal Tribunals' (14) 4 Leiden journal of international law 851-866
Mundis, DA 'The judicial effects of the "completion strategies" on the ad hoc international criminal tribunals' (99) 1 The American journal of international law 142-158
Shany, Y and Horovitz, S 'Judicial independence in The Hague and Freetown a tale of two cities' In: Leiden journal of international law 113-129
Johnson, LD ‘Closing an International Criminal Tribunal While Maintaining International Human Rights Standards and Excluding Impunity’ (2005) American Journal of International Law 158-174

e. WTO-Streitbeilegung

   
Charnovitz, S 'Judicial Independence in the World Trade Organization' 219-240

f. Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit

   
Loretta, M 'Remarks on Arbitrators’ Independence, Impartiality and Duty to Disclose in Investment Arbitration' (7) The Law and Practice of International Courts and Tribunals 351-356

3. Nationale Rechtsordnungen

a. Deutschland

   
Baer, A Die Unabhängigkeit der Richter in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und in der DDR (Berliner Wissenschaftsverlag Berlin 1999)
Barbey, G ’§ 74 Der Status des Richters’ in J Isensee and P Kirchhof (eds) Handbuch des Staatsrechts der Bundesrepublik Deutschland (C. F. Müller Heidelberg 2005) 3, 815-857
Benda, E and Klein, E ’Bemerkungen zur Richterlichen Unabhängigkeit’ [1975] Deutsche Richterzeitung 166-171
Bernsdorff, N ‚Art. 97- Unabhängigkeit der Richter’ Umbach/Clemens (Hrsg.) Grundgesetz – Mitarbeiterkommentar und Handbuch (C. F. Müller Heidelberg 2002) 2 1063-1083
Haberland, S ‘Problemfelder für die richterliche Unabhängigkeit’ (2002) 80(8) Deutsche Richterzeitung 301-310
Hirsch, G Rechtsanwendung, Rechtsfindung, Rechtsschöpfung - der Richter im Spannungsverhältnis von Erster und Dritter Gewalt (C. F. Müller Heidelberg 2003)
Hoffmann-Riem, W ’Richterliche Unabhängigkeit in Zeiten struktureller Veränderungen der Justiz’ in R Pitschas and A Uhle (eds.)Wege gelebter Verfassung in Recht und Politik – Festschrift für Rupert Scholz zum 70. Geburtstag (Duncker & Humblot Berlin 2007) 499-517
Limbach, J ’Die Richterliche Unabhängigkeit – Ihre Bedeutung für den Rechtssaat’ (1995) 49 Neue Justiz 281-283
Limbach, J Im Namen des Volkes (Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt Stuttgart 1999)
Meyer, W ’Art. 97 (Unabhängigkeit der Richter)’in I von Münch and P Kunig (eds) Grundgesetz-Kommentar (4./5.edn Beck München 2003) 3 665-685
von Münch, I ’Die Unanhängigkeit des Richters –Neue Entwicklungen’ in Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit GmbH (ed) Unabhängigkeit und Abhängigkeit des Richters mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Richter des Verfassungsgerichts - Die Unabhängigkeit des Richters - neue Entwicklungen (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit GmbH Tbilissi 2003) 36-40
I von Münch ’Unanhängigkeit und Abhängigkeit des Richters mit Besonderer Berücksichtigung der Richter des Verfassungsgerichts’ in Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit GmbH (ed) Unabhängigkeit und Abhängigkeit des Richters mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Richter des Verfassungsgerichts - Die Unabhängigkeit des Richters - neue Entwicklungen (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit GmbH Tbilissi 2003) 19-24
Niebler, E ’Die Stellung des Richters in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland’ (1981) 59. Deutsche Richterzeitung 281-288
Redeker, K 'Justizgewährungspflicht des Staates versus Richterliche Unabhängigkeit’ [2000] Neue Juristische Wochenschrift 2796-2798
Schmidt-Jortzig, E 'Aufgabe, Stellung und Funktion des Richters im Demokratischen Rechtsstaat’ [1991] Neue Juristische Wochenschrift 2377-2383
Schmidt-Räntsch, J Deutsches Richtergesetz – Richterwahlgesetz – Kommentar (5th edn Beck München 1995)
Schulze-Fielitz, H ’Artikel 97 [Unabhängigkeit der Richter]’ in H Dreier (ed) Grundgesetz Kommentar (Mohr Siebeck Tübingen 2008) 3 480-503
Seibert-Fohr, A 'Constitutional Guarantees of Judicial Independence in Germany' in E Riedel and R Wolfrum (eds) Recent Trends in German and European Constitutional Law (Springer Heidelberg 2006) 188
Stelkens, P ’§1 [Unabhängigkeit der Verwaltungsgerichte] II. Einzelerläuterungen 3. Richterliche Unabhängigkeit’ in Schoch/Schmidt-Aßmann/Pietzner (ed) Verwaltungsgerichtsordnung (17. Ergänzungslieferung März 2009) Rn. 34-38 (S. 24-32)
Teubner, E Die Bestellung zum Berufsrichter in Bund und Ländern – Entwicklung, Modelle, Analysen (Heymann Köln 1984)
Voßkuhle, A ’Artikel 94’ in C Starck (ed) Kommentar zum Grundgesetz (5 ed Vahlen München 2005) 3 1113-1123
Wittmann, J ‘Richterliche Unabhängigkeit – Freiheit und Verantwortung’ in HD Horn (ed) Recht im Pluralismus – Festschrift für Walter Schmitt Glaeser zum 70. Geburtstag (Duncker & Humblot Berlin 2003) 363-370

b. Vereinigte Staaten

   
Claus, L ‘Constitutional Guarantees of the Judiciary: Jurisdiction, Tenure and Beyond’ (2006) 54 American Journal of Comparative Law 459-483
Fein, B and Neuborne, N ’Why Should We Care About Independence And Accountable Judges?’ (2000-2001) 84 Judicature 58-63
Ferejohn, JA and Kramer, LD ‘Independent Judges, Dependent Judiciary: Institutionalizing Judicial Restraint’ (2002) 77 New York University Law Review 962-1039
George, TE and Yoon, AH ‘Chief Judges: The Limits of Attitudinal Theory and Possible Paradox of Managerial Judging’ (2008) 61 Vanderbilt Law Review 1-61
Landes, WM and Posner, RA ‘The Independent Judiciary in an Interest-Group Perspective’ (1975) 18 Journal of Law and Economics 875-901
Ramseyer, M ‘The Puzzling (In)Dependence of Courts: a Comparative Approach’ (1994) 23 Journal of Legal Studies 721-747

c. Großbritannien

   
Burbank, SB and Friedman, B Judicial Independence at the Crossroads: an Interdisciplinary Approach (Sage Publications Thousand Oaks, California 2002)
Department for Constitutional Affairs ’Constitutional Reform: A Supreme Court for the United Kingdom’ (July 2003) CP 11/03 
Jowell, JL The changing Constitution (6th edn Oxford University Press Oxford 2007)
Judges’ Council for England and Wales ‘Guide to Judicial Conduct’ (2004/2008) 
Lord Hope of Craighead ‘Judicial Independence’ (2002) 13 Scots Law Times 105-111
Olowofoyeku, AA ‘Protection of Judicial Independence in the UK’
Shetreet, S Judges on Trial - A study of the appointment and accountability of the English judiciary (North-Holland Publ. Amsterdam 1976)
Stevens, R The English Judges – Their Role in the Changing Constitution (Hart Publishing Oxford 2002)
Woodhouse, D The Office of Lord Chancellor (Hart Oxford 2001)
Woodhouse, D ‘United Kingdom – The Constitutional Reform Act 2005 – Defending Judicial Independence the English Way’ (2007) 5 International Journal of Constitutional Law 153-165

d. Israel

   
Agmon-Gonnen, M ‘Judicial Independence: The Threat from Within’ (2005) 38 Israel Law Review 120-153
Shetreet, S ‘Resolving the controversy over the form and legitimacy of constitutional adjudication in Israel: A blueprint for redefining the role of the Supreme Court and the Knesset’ (2002-2003) 77 Tulane law review 659–735

e. Kanada

   
Cotler, I ‘The Supreme Court Appointment Process: Chronology, Context and Reform’ (2008) 58 University of New Brunswick Law Journal 131-146
Eltis, K and Gélinas, F ‘Canadian National Report’ “Constitutional Guarantees of the Independence of the Judiciary” International Academy of Comparative Law, XVII International Congress of Comparative Law, Utrecht 16-22 July 2006
Green, A and Alarie, B ‘Should They All Just Get Along? – Judicial Ideology, Collegiality, and the Appointments to the Supreme Court of Canada’ (2008) 58 University of New Brunswick Law Journal 73-91
Mathen, C ‘Choices and Controversy: Judicial Appointments in Canada’ (2008) 58 University of New Brunswick Law Journal 52-72
Plaxton, M ‘The Neutrality Thesis and the Rothstein Hearing’ (2008) 58 University of New Brunswick Law Journal 92-104

f. Japan

   
H Yamamoto ‘Les garanties constitutionelles de l’autorité judicaire et les problèmes au Japon’ [2007] Revue du Droit Public 175-192

g. Österreich

   
  Entschließung des Vorstandes an die Hauptversammlung der Vereinigung der österreichischen Richter anlässlich des Richtertages 1982 (“Salzburger Beschlüsse”) 
Frowein, JA ‘Österreichische Verwaltungsgerichtsbarkeit aus europarechtlichem Blickwinkel’ (2005) 127 Juristische Blätter 613-619
Vereinigung der österreichischen Richterinnen und Richter ’Welser Erklärung’ 

h. Schweiz

   
Livschitz, MM ‚Die Richterwahl im Kanton Zürich’ (Schulthess Zürich 2002)
Kiener, R Richterliche Unabhängigkeit, Verfassungsrechtliche Anforderungen an Richter und Gerichte (Stämpfli Verlag AG Bern 2001)

i. Dänemark

   
Christoffersen, J ’Report on Denmark’ “Constitutional Guarantees of the Independence of the Judiciary  / Les Garanties Constitutionnelles de l’Indépendence de l’Autorité Judiciaire” International Academy of Comparative Law, XVII International Congress of Comparative Law, Utrecht 16-22 July 2006

j. Spanien

   
Garcimartín Montero, R ‘Constitutional Safeguards of Judicial Independence in Spain’ International Academy of Comparative Law, XVII International Congress of Comparative Law, Utrecht 16-22  July 2006

k. Namibia

   
A Bösl and N Horn (Hrsg.)
Die Unabhängigkeit der Justiz in Namibia

4. Rechtsvergleichung

   
Andenas, M ‘A European Perspective on Judicial Independence and Accountability’(2007) 41 International Lawyer 1-19
Atkins, L ‘The Shifting Focus of Judicial Reform: From Independence to Capacity’ 
Bell, J ‘Judicial Cultures and Judicial Independence’ (2001) 4 The Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 47-60
Blasberg, G Verfassungsgerichte als Ersatzgesetzgeber - Entscheidungsaussprüche bei Normenkontrollen von Bundesverfassungsgericht und Corte Costituzionale (Lang Frankfurt am Main 2003)
Boyron, S ‘The Independence of the Judiciary: A Question of Identity!’ in G Canivet, M Andenas and D Fairgrieve (eds) Independence, Accountability, and the Judiciary (British Institute of International and Comparative Law London 2006) 77-98
Denham, S ‘The Diamond in a Democracy: An Independent, Accountable Judiciary’ (paper presented at the annual conference of the Australian institute of judicial administration, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia, 2000) 
Malleson, K Appointing Judges in an Age of Judicial Power - Critical Perspectives from Around the World ( (?)University of Toronto Press Toronto 2006)
Oberto, G 'Richterliche Unabhängigkeit: Rechtsvergleichende Betrachtung ihrer Institutionellen Ausgestaltung in den Ländern Europas' (37) 6 Zeitschrift für Rechtspolitik 207-210
Oberto, G ’Selection, Training, Career and Status of Judges: International Standards and the Italian Experience’ 
Sherif, AO and Brown, NJ Judicial Independence in the Arab World 
Rädler, P 'Independence and Impartiality of Judges' in D Weissbrodt and R Wolfrum (eds) The Right to a Fair Trial (Springer 1998) 129 727-746
Russell, PH and O’Brien, DM Judicial Independence in the Age of Democracy: Critical Perspectives from around the World (University Press of Virginia Charlottesville 2001)
Thiedemann, H Judicial Independence - Eine Rechtsvergleichende Untersuchung der Sicherung Unabhängiger Rechtsprechung in Südafrika und Deutschland (Nomos Baden-Baden 2007)
Wallace, JC ‘Resolving Judicial Corruption while Preserving Judicial Independence: Comparative Perspectives’(1998) 28 California Western International Law Journal 341-351
Zätzsch, J Richterliche Unabhängigkeit und Richterwahl in den USA und Deutschland (Nomos Baden-Baden 2000)
Heuschling, L ‘Why Should Judges be Independent? Reflections on Coke, Montesquieu and the French Tradition of Judicial Dependence’ in D Baranger, K Ziegler and AW Bradley (eds) ‘Constitutionalism and the Role of Parliaments’ (Hart Publishing Oxford 2007)

5. Methode der Rechtsvergleichung

   
Bear, S ‘Verfassungsvergleichung und reflexive Methode: Interkulturelle und intersubjektive Kompetenz’ (2004) 64 Zeitschrift für ausländisches öffentliches Recht und Völkerrecht 735-758